Tuesday, May 26, 2020
Sunday, May 17, 2020
What Makes a Sport a Sport Essay - 671 Words
Sports are played worldwide and are reflective of that particular areas cultural view. This has led to a wide variety of sports that are played. Due to this high level of diversity it has become extremely challenging to define what activities are considered a sport verse a recitation activity. Specialists in this field frequently debate this issue, discussing the criteria that should exist when evaluating a sport. The main goal is to make a list concise enough yet, at the same time detailed so it can be used in every sporting model. Scholars have identified six separate components that must be present within a sport in order to be considered as a true sport. One of the first requirements on this list is that the sport must include aâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦One of the activities on the list that I thought was the furthest thing from a sport was Pigeon Racing. Even though I believed Pigeon racing to have incorporated many of the key components of a sport such as competition, a governing bodies, benefits, and strategy; it fails to meet the other requirements. One requirement that is not met is maintaining a certain level of physical and mental activity. In this particular sport the performer is completely dependent upon the pigeon to compete. By doing so this completely removes an athlete from the sport and eliminates any human chance in affecting the overall outcome. Instead of a sport I would categorize this as a recreational activity that is fun to watch and be involved in. I believe that an activity that relies solely on an animal performance cannot be considered to be a true sport. Going along the idea about animal involvement this brings me to another sport on the list I questioned, noodling. This particular activity would in a sense be considered hunting but however, the means at which the animal is captured is vastly different. This type of hunting is focused on capturing catfish in a very peculiar fashion. The athlete essentially coats his arm in chum then sticks it underwater waiting for a nibble. The catfish generally come and engulf the personââ¬â¢s entire arm thus successfully capturing a catfish. One of the main reasons why I would not classify this as a sport is because it is a very unskilled formShow MoreRelatedWhat Makes A Better Systems Of Communication Within Sports Teams1741 Words à |à 7 PagesChampionships, the goal of every sports team, are often won by the same few teams over and over and over again, but people have difficulty understanding why. What makes certain teams so successful? Sports teams have long wondered what is the best way to become and stay competitive at high levels of competition. Teams are always looking to improve and reach that next level. Vast amounts of money are paid to improve sports teams, and many businesses base their models of work on professional athleticsRead MorePros And Cons Of Playing Sports Essay866 Words à |à 4 Pagessituations such as playing sports, they have to consider the pros and cons before they give an answer. Although there are many risks involved in playing sports, there are also many benefits. Keeping a child from playing a sport because it is dangerous limits the childââ¬â¢s possibilities and benefits that they will get by playing the sport. Despite the endless risks involved with playing sports, parents should think about the benefits that will be possible. Parentsââ¬â¢ fear of sports prevents their childrenRead MoreSocial Inequality : A Part Of Sports1080 Words à |à 5 PagesSocial inequality is a part of many issues other than sports, but it is a part of sports to do several issues such as gender roles, salary and stereotypes. The Significance: The significance of this topic of inequality in sports is that it does not just occur in sports. It happens all around us, you see social inequality happening at work places, schools, restaurants and many other places. Many people donââ¬â¢t see if because they donââ¬â¢t know what it is. Population: Many people think it only affectsRead MoreSports as a Tool of Integration1725 Words à |à 7 PagesINTRODUCTION What is sport? According to the Oxford Advanced Learnerââ¬â¢s Dictionary. The meaning of ââ¬Å"sportâ⬠is , activity that you do for pleasure and that needs physical effort or skill, usually done in a special area and according to fixed rules. Through Wikipedia, sport is all forms of physical activity which, through casual or organised participation, aim to use, maintain or improve physical fitness and provide entertainment to participants. Sport may be competitive, where a winner or winnersRead MoreSports Should Be Mandatory Essay918 Words à |à 4 PagesPersuasive essay Sports mandatory in school 3/19/2012 Amanpreet S. Buttar | There are several sports in the world. Many people play and watch sports. In most of the schools there are sports teams. Most schools in Ontario have sport teams but it should be mandatory for a student to play at least one sport every school year. It should be mandatory to play sports because students will get involved, sports build teamwork skills, and the students will be healthier and more active. FirstlyRead MoreImportance Of Sport1702 Words à |à 7 PagesWhat is interesting about sport? Sport: small word, big concept. The purpose of this essay is to highlight what aspects of sport are interesting, further linking it to a specific discipline. There are many disciplines within sport that are interesting, however, from my point of view, sociology is the most interesting one as it gives a true picture to what sports is like within society, in addition it emphasises the significance of sport in society since the early nineteenth century (Bell, 2009)Read MoreShould Cheerleading Be A Sport?1620 Words à |à 7 Pagescheerleading, most of us will readily agree that it is not a real sport. Where this agreement usually ends, however, is on the question of why not. Whereas some are convinced that cheerleading doesnââ¬â¢t meet necessary qualifications to officially be a sport, others maintain that it does have qualities deeming it to be a sport. This is because the competition level in high school and college exceeds the expectation of those other sports that put in the ti me, hard work and effort to win a championshipRead MoreSport Manager Interview941 Words à |à 4 PagesSport Manager Interview Paper For my Sport Manager Interview I interviewed Mr. Matt Seibring who is an Assistant Director in Competitive Sports. I asked Mr. Matt questions that related to his job and basically to help prepare and give me advice for my career plans in the future. In the Assistant Directory role they have professional staff that reports all information and how everything is going throughout the work day. Mr. Matt manages the coordinators and has to make sure all of the supervisorsRead MoreWhy Golf Is a Sport Essay1078 Words à |à 5 PagesEssay Why Golf Is a Sport A matter of opinion has separated a variety of sports enthusiasts apart, due to the ongoing debate of whether golf is a sport or simply a skill. Famed golfer Arnold Palmer declared, ââ¬Å"Golf is deceptively simple and endlessly complicated; it satisfies the soul and frustrates the intellect. It is at the same time rewarding and maddening ââ¬â and it is without a doubt the greatest game mankind has ever invented. (ThinkQuest.com)â⬠These words state what every athlete experiencesRead MoreThe Importance Of Sports1189 Words à |à 5 PagesSports are one of the most watched pieces of entertainment in America, and around the world. People watch sports because you never know the outcomes of the games, and because you can root for your chosen team. When a person thinks a about a sport the first thing that comes to their head is probably something like football or soccer, but what about chess or even video games. Sports are usually thought of as games that require strength and physical skill to preform, but sports should be defined by
Friday, May 15, 2020
Subliminal Messages Essay examples - 1227 Words
Subliminal Messages You pick up your new monthà s edition of Time magazine from the breakfast table, and begin flipping through the pages. Before you get a chance to read the article on the next war, you come across an advertisement of Marlboro cigarettes; however, you see no cigarettes in the ad, just a picture of a beautiful sunset over a desert-cross. Advertisements such as these are viewed everywhere, where nature is the object being sold. Each nature representation is always selling different messages, making the real product more convincing to buy for the consumers. One hierarchy newspaper advertisement contained a job offer with a photo of a tiger prowling through the woods, ready to capture its prey. The phrase stated Areâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦It lists the various types of vacations available, along with whatà s included in each trip package. The ad is giving the students a chance to escape and get away from the stress and work and enjoy a weekà s worth of fun and à ¬adventure.à ® The beach snapshot in the background attracts students to a week of freedom, relaxation, adventure, peace and independence. Here, both hierarchy and pastoral feelings are represented (Student Travel). Amongst all of these advertisements, a natural link is developed between the visual representation and the product/idea being sold. In the first ad, a masculine link of control and success was created between the picture and job, targeted for both elder men and women. For man, their natural state of superiority would increase if he took this job. For the woman, her natural lower class state would move up to that of manà s. The perfume ad, on the other hand, is attracting female customers only. The feminine feelings of happiness, peace, beauty and truth are linked through objects from nature, such as the sky and clouds; and these feelings are stereotypically viewed as feminine. The third ad selling a vacation trip is directed mainly toward college students. The presentation of freedom, adventure and relaxation grab studentsà attention, especially for those who really need to get away from school stress. The ad targets all sorts of students, those à ¬masculineà ® ones who are se eking adventure and thoseShow MoreRelatedSubliminal Messages And Subliminal Stimuli1799 Words à |à 8 Pagesbombarded by subliminal advertisements and there is a good chance that you have never even noticed. Subliminal stimuli are found in numerous arrangements, and effects, which lead to your subconscious taking in many of the subliminal advertising tactics that marketers use; and it is essential for you to realize how it can, or already has, affected you. Subliminal Stimuli in Advertising Subliminal stimuli can be found spread all about our daily lives; and some may even find the use of subliminal advertisingRead MoreSubliminal Messages : Subliminal Stimuli1203 Words à |à 5 PagesSubliminal Stimuli in Advertising Subliminal stimuli can be found all over; and some may even find the use of subliminal advertising as unfair because it is meant to trick the unsuspecting recipient. These tricks are, for the most part, found in monetary form; where you are influenced to spend money on something that you may be subliminally exposed to. Types of subliminal stimuli can be found in many different forms but are predominately used in advertising, movies, and media in general. SinceRead MoreSubliminal Messages Should Not Be Legal1201 Words à |à 5 Pages Subliminal messages By: Edianis Seda Advanced Placement Psychology Mr. Cuetara June, 4th 2015 Abstract Subliminal messages are messages that are perceived in the unconscious mind that most of the time we are not aware of. These messages are mainly designed to influence that way we think and feel. They are used to get people to buy products from their company. Subliminal messages can be perceived auditory or visually. Subliminal messages should not be legal and should be banned fromRead MoreSubliminal Messages Essay example2356 Words à |à 10 Pagesembedded secret messages into this research paper to manipulate you into giving me an A? If you didnââ¬â¢t consciously perceive ââ¬Å"secret messagesâ⬠but you did perceive them subconsciously, then they would be called subliminal. The word ââ¬Å"subliminalâ⬠literally means ââ¬Å"below the thresholdâ⬠(Encarta 99). The threshold is the level at which you are aware of stimuli, so if something is below the threshold, or subliminal, you are not consciously aware of it. Therefore, you may be receiving messages and obeying themRead MoreExposing Our Children to Subliminal Messages890 Words à |à 4 Pagesconsuming, because in reality we are viewing and hearing much more than we can naturally see. Subliminal messages are prearranged thoughts or ideas placed into the subconscious mind. Subliminal messages involve reacting to stimuli that are above your physiological threshold but below your perceptual thresholds. So basically your brain processes the messages without you knowing. The two main types of subliminal messaging are auditory and visual. In these two categories there are also subcategories. Read MoreEssay on Advertisings Subliminal Message985 Words à |à 4 PagesFallacious reasoning is the act of forming strong one sided opinions based on oneââ¬â¢s perceptions in regards to marketing. Sometimes the reasoning can present a strong message; such as that from a dogmatic viewpoint where only one true choice exist within the mind of the observer. Though not always disagreeable such as the fallacious reasoning dogmatism; fallacious reasoning is used a lot in todayââ¬â¢s advertising to influence people in societyââ¬â¢s thinking, social atmospheres, and outlooks. The vesselsRead MoreCops Subliminal Messages Essay1090 Words à |à 5 Pagestheir heads, the viewers unknowingly receive the message. By using Gerberââ¬â¢s Cultivation theory, the process of how the show Cops reshapes conceptions of criminals and cops in reality to its viewers illustrates the effects that the show has on heavy and light users, how they become affected by the mean world syndrome, and the long term affects that the show has on its viewers. Heavy users of the show Cops becomes an easy target to the shows messages. Heavy users are constantly being exposed to theRead MoreSubliminal Messages Are The Popular Phenomenon Of Mind Control1423 Words à |à 6 PagesSubliminal Messages In media and popular culture, the popular phenomenon of mind control is often fantasized about, but generally seen as a myth or a conspiracy theory. However, although it seems crazy, the idea of mind control does have a basis in a similar, more scientific idea: subliminal messages. Subliminal messages are stimuli that pass under a typical personââ¬â¢s sensory threshold, meaning they are not detectable to the conscious mind. However, subliminal messages are registered by the subconsciousRead More Is Subliminal Advertising Effective? Essay1060 Words à |à 5 Pages Is Subliminal Advertising Effective? The average American views an average of 1500 ads every single day! Did you know that some of these ads have hidden pictures, words, or even sound inside of them? These hidden things are called subliminal messages. When used correctly, these hidden messages have been proven to persuade us to do certain things. What are Subliminal Messages? Subliminal messages are things that are stored inside of our subconscious. They are known as are hidden messagesRead MoreThe Effectiveness Of Subliminal Advertising1340 Words à |à 6 PagesRunning head: EFFECTIVENESS OF SUBLIMINAL ADVERTISING Is there any evidence that companies can make us buy products using subliminal processing? Student ID- U3144007 Assessment detail - Literature Review Word count - 1200 IS THERE ANY EVIDENCE THAT COMPANIES
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
The Problem Of Juvenile Delinquency - 1498 Words
Juvenile delinquents vary from ages ten to eighteen who have committed an act that violates the law. With every crime that is committed, there is a victim who has been impacted negatively. In Hampden County and all throughout the country, juvenile delinquents have victimized other juveniles, but also parents, business owners and even complete strangers. My job as a Victim/Witness Intern was to be the voice for those who donââ¬â¢t have one in a court of law. All of the victims and witnesses are trying to achieve justice and live their life after being affected by a crime. Most of the cases I had worked on this semester have been domestic related where a juvenileââ¬â¢s mother, father or family member have had violent or aggressive behavior againstâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Most of the time, parents or other family members donââ¬â¢t expect harsh punishments in response to the abuse. They hope the juvenile will seek help or serious treatment. Usually the abuse is because the juvenile partakes in drug use or has had a negative affect by the environment around them. Other juveniles havenââ¬â¢t learned to control their feelings and donââ¬â¢t have much self-control. Itââ¬â¢s unfortunate how these kids might even view their parent, more often their mother, as being weak and powerless and itââ¬â¢s ok to treat someone with violence. Siblings who may have witnessed the abuse of their mothers or close family member can be impacted dramatically. Children are able to see, hear and observe threats, actual incidents of physical or sexual abuse and may even view the aftermath of abuse such as blood or bruises. This makes the child aware of the tension in the home, making them always on stressed and unstable. There will be long term affects on the victims of this type of crime. The siblings who experience this abuse or are witnesses to domestic violence can become violent towards peers as well. It is a never-ending cycle for these families because they w ill not ever feel safe. One case that I worked with that really hit home on domestic violence was a single mother of one teenage boy who are immigrants from Iraq. She had moved here when her son was little so that he could have a good education in the United States. The
Impact Of Industrialization On Chinese Culture - 1372 Words
Industrialization was another important way in which the Japanese exercised its imperialism in Taiwan. Before their rule, Taiwan was not very developed in infrastructure hence it was difficult for people to move from one part of the island to the other. Taiwan was seen as a source of raw materials for the industries in Japan as well as an overseas market for its goods and services. The region also provided an important outpost and Confederate defensive position. A network of railroads was constructed connecting all their areas of the Island to ease movement. The enhanced infrastructure impacted development in the area and folks were able to carry out businesses. Modernization of infrastructure promoted the rise in importance of peopleââ¬â¢sâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦With all these developments and growth, thousands of the Japanese people immigrated to Taiwan (Formosa; as it was referred during that time). The agriculture system was as well able to observe a positive change. Th e Japanese were able to establish power plants and farms that produced adequate rice, sugar, and tea that was not only enough for local consumption but also for international industries. The Japan rule in Taiwan was helpful in creating a group of educated elites. There was, however, a varying perception towards the Japanese government. While some felt that their rule was a gateway to their peace and redemption from other hostile nations, some elites felt that they needed to be independent. They believed that they had a right to restore back their freedoms and their gods to the country. They felt that their culture and religion which was important to them had been taken away by the Japanese and they needed to restore it by all means. The group that embraced the colonial rule felt that the Japanese were able to abolish some cultures that were not useful (Ming Chien, 2011). Foot binding, for example, was a culture practiced in Ming and Qing dynasty. It was considered to be a fashionable act even though it had its negativeShow MoreRelatedThe Opening Of Japan And China Essay1616 Words à |à 7 Pagesmarkets, the Chinese and Japanese werenââ¬â¢t in a position to resi st. In the early 19th century the extent of the advancement of western technology was unknown in East Asia, and unfortunately for the Chinese, the west turned its attention to the Chinese market first. Consequently, when the British refused to stop selling opium in China, the Chinese confiscated 20,000 cases of it. In response, Britain declared war and with its state of the art military equipment, quickly defeated the Chinese. CruciallyRead MoreAsian Rim Region Report : Geography And Demography1010 Words à |à 5 PagesChina, Tang Dynasty, China is the main culture export country. Chinese culture influence its neighbour a lot. Chinese writing was passed on to Korea, Japan and Vietnam. Though these countries are not Chinese speaking regions, their languages have been influenced by Chinese to some extent. Even though their writing systems have changed over time, Chinese is still found in the historical roots of many borrowed words. For example, in Japan, the set of Chinese characters use d are called Kanji and formRead MoreIndustrialization Of Industrialization And Industrialization Essay1693 Words à |à 7 PagesIndustrialization is a starting point for many of the technologies and factories around and exists today, despite the negative influences of the industrialization, people gained many benefits from it too. For example, because of the industrialization workers are more efficient producing goods and products, also industrialization helped many people walked out of the countryside which broadens their perspectives. For many countries, industrialization is a voluntary movement within the country, butRead MoreThe Success of Taiwanese Immigrants1519 Words à |à 7 PagesTaiwan, a small island on the coast of Mainland China, after WWII was occupied by the KMT, led by Chiang Kai-Shek along with his followers fled to Taiwan due to the loss of the Chinese Civil War. The U.S financially backing the KMT, due to their fight against communism during the Cold War Era, le d to massive industrialization in Taiwan and political tension between Taiwan and China. Thus during the 1950s and on, Taiwanese people, mostly students, started to immigrate into America and try to assimilateRead MoreImpact Of The Chinese Exclusion Act On Chinese Immigrants And Immigration Policy1518 Words à |à 7 PagesImpact of the Chinese Exclusion Act on Chinese immigrants and immigration policy The Chinese Exclusion Act was established in 1882, in which the first time United States prevent a group of immigrants with nationality (Lee 4), marked United Statesââ¬â¢ from welcoming nation to an enclosed and discriminative nation, has monumental impact on each Chinese immigrants and culture of the entire American Chinese community (6). The poor conditions and lack of opportunities in the 19th century China and the Chineseââ¬â¢sRead MoreShui Fabrics Question 1 Ans1557 Words à |à 7 PagesEconomic factors include economic growth, interest rates, exchange rates and theinflation rate. These factors have major impacts on how businesses operate and makedecisions. For example, interest rates affect a firmââ¬â¢s cost of capital and therefore to what extent a business grows and expands. Exchange rates affect the costs of exporting goods and supply and price of imported goods in an economy. There are economic differences that influence the relationship between the partners at Sh ui Fabrics. ChiuRead MoreCultural Culture, Occupational, And Organizational Cultures1219 Words à |à 5 Pages(Ch.2) It was while reading the introduction of this chapter that the realization hit me that ââ¬ËCultureââ¬â¢ governs every walk of our life. Right from what we wear and what we speak, to what we perceive as beautiful (or ugly), how we behave differently with different people, our idea of right and wrong ââ¬â everything is part of our culture, which has been handed down to us as accepted from our past generations. This has been very beautifully explained in the first two pages of the chapter. I particularlyRead MoreIndustrial Heritage And Its Impact On People s Behavior And Feeling778 Words à |à 4 Pagesprovides the authentic environments for people to experience and research history. The valued and diverse heritage can bring a great impact on peopleââ¬â¢s behavior and feeling. Industrial heritage, as an essential part of heritage, has become a booming industry in Western countries. Industrial heritage is the materialized symbol of the development of industrialization in each country. In 2003, Nizhny Tagil Charter for the Industrial Heritage adopted by The International Committee for the ConservationRead MoreThe Influx Of International Migrants1687 Words à |à 7 Pagesrevolution. The Irish, especially, competed with them for domestic work and unskilled labor. Instead, African Americans resorted to being strikebreakers who were usually dismissed after the strike ended. The first wave of immigrants had little impact on the social culture of America as they simply were absorbed into society. The second wave of migrants, however, implanted themselves distinctly into American society and came to embrace their differences. The first wave of migrants, consisting of German, IrishRead MoreMay Fourth Movement and Beyond1056 Words à |à 5 Pagescertain Western customs such as popular music into Chinaââ¬â¢s culture. Essentially, the Communist Party has affected China by influencing the politics, the culture, the media, and the economy. On May Fourth, a group of students attempted to overthrow the dynasty system China had been ruled by for centuries of a new concept the Chinese did not fully understand: Communism. Not only would this work, but it would drastically change the way the Chinese viewed politics. As soon as Mao Zedong came into power
Bruce Leeââ¬â¢s Passion in Martial Arts and Entertainment free essay sample
Bruce Lee is a man who acted upon his destiny and was very famous for all his achievements in America and China. His determination as an actor and martial artist made him a legend throughout the world even though he died from cerebral brain swelling at the age of 32. He is considered to be the ââ¬Å"Greatest Martial Artist of the 20th Centuryâ⬠because his philosophies and insightful teachings have influenced many, including myself. Since Lee was a man who made his dreams a reality he began his film career when he was six years old, brought the art of martial arts and film to America, and he also created his own style of martial arts called Jeet Kune Do. Bruce lee His first screen appearance was at three months old in his fathers movie (Roensch 15-18). This was the beginning, leading to over twenty motion picture roles and steadily increasing popularity among Hong Kong audiences (The Bruce Lee Story 1). We will write a custom essay sample on Bruce Leeââ¬â¢s Passion in Martial Arts and Entertainment or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Some of the movies he had made were Enter the Dragon, Fists of Fury and The Return of the Dragon. Even though Bruce Lee died so young, he still had the acting experience because he started acting when he was young. What is Jeet Kune Do? Simply put, its English translation is way of the intercepting fist. Bruce studies all types of fighting from American Boxing to Thai Kickboxing. His simple philosophy was rather than block a punch and hit back with two distinct motions, why not intercept and hit in one, fluid stroke. Fluidity was the ideal. Try and obtain a nicely-tied package of water, Bruce would taunt. Just like water, we must keep moving on, Inosanto reitterates. For once water stops, it becomes stagnant. Water, Bruce would always give as an example, is the toughtest thing on Earth. It is virtually indestructable; it is soft, yet it can tear rocks apart. Move like water. Bruce dissected rigid classical disciplines and rebuilt them with fluid, po-mo improvements. Its good but it needs restructuring, he would say. Classical techniques did not take into account the reality of street fighting. Jeet Kune Do did. It was pragmatic, reality-based, empirical- not a bunch of stances, postures and mumbo jumbo handed down from antiquity. Second, he brought the art of martial arts and film to America. The martial arts that he brought influenced many people in the U. S (Roensch 7). He also influenced many other Asians to act these days such as Jet Li and Jackie Chan (Roensch 9). When Bruce Lee auditioned for upcoming movies, he was turned down and was rejected because he was too oriental (The Bruce Lee Story 2 3). Even though he was rejected in American movies, he was still able to make movies in Hong Kong. His goal was to make five movies in Hong Kong but he ended up making four and a half movies because he died during the fifth movie (The Bruce Lee Story 2 3). The movie that he didnt finish was called Game of Death. Bruce Lee practiced the nunchaku with Mr. Dan Inosanto and this also made him famous. The nunchaku is made up of two short wooden or metal rods that are connected by a short chain. Mr. Dan Inosanto was one of Bruce Lees closest friends that taught him the art of the nunchaku (The Bruce Lee Story 2 1-2). Before he made the movies in Hong Kong, he made a series of shows in America called The Green Hornet starring Van Williams and Bruce Lee (The Bruce Lee Story 2 1). Despite popularity, he wanted to be known as an actor rather than a superstar. Bruce Lee had many famous quotes in various movies and interviews. One of them was ? The word ? superstar really turns me off, and Ill tell you why because the word ? star, is an illusion, it is something-what the public calls you. You should look upon [yourself] as an actor. I mean you would be very pleased if somebody said, ? Hey man, youre a super actor! It is much better than ? superstar' (Little 132).
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
Assessing Maslows Pyramid From Essay Example For Students
Assessing Maslows Pyramid From Essay In order to understand the human condition, one must first understand what it is that motivates humans. It follows that we must then look to the motivator, the brain. The human brain works in such a way as to satisfy a series of needs. Abraham H. Maslows theory of human motivation (1954) explains the sequence by which humans move through levels of concentration so as to best satisfy these needs. Maslows pyramid (1954), a five-tiered structure, represents a summary of this theory. Maslow (1954) postulates that in order for one to focus his/her attention on the ultimate goal at the apex of the pyramid, self-actualization, one must first fulfill the needs at the subordinate levels. At the lowest level of the chart are the physiological needs, followed by the need for safety, the belongingness and love needs, the esteem needs, and finally culminating in self-actualization. This paper will demonstrate how various brain mechanisms work to satisfy each echelon of needs, and further, how as all lesser needs are met, the individual may refocus his/her concentration to ascend the hierarchy towards self-actualization. According to Maslows pyramid, the basest of human needs are physiological, in particular homeostasis and appetite. These necessities must be met before human consciousness can progress to the next level of concentration. Maslows theory gains support upon examining the breakdown of how the brain functions. Carter (1998) explains that the lateral and ventromedial hypothalamic nuclei are largely responsible for controlling when one feels hungry. While the lateral nucleus is responsible for detecting declining blood glucose levels, the ventromedial senses rising glucose levels. Thus, the lateral nucleus signals hunger while the ventromedial signals fullness. These nuclei are therefore responsible for making sure that the human body has the proper amount of fuel and nutrients. While these functions are not controlled by the conscious mind, in cases of extreme hunger the need to sate ones appetite becomes the primary motivator in ones actions (Maslow 1954). When a human beings concern lies at this level of the pyramid, it can be said that (s)he is concerned with more primal matters, as opposed to the higher tiers when mans state of mind is focused on higher thought;. When the hypothalamus is no longer demanding that the prefrontal cortex (the area affiliated with conciousness Carter 1998) seek food, the consciousness mind can then focus on the issue of security. The next level in the hierarchy of needs pertains to security. The amygdala plays a key role in ensuring the safety of a human being. It is here where fear originates (Carter 1998). Once the frontal cortex identifies a source of fear, a plan of action to remedy an unsafe situation can be formulated by the frontal cortex (Carter 1998). If an individual is preoccupied with an unsafe or chaotic situation, (s)he will be unable to focus attention on the less essential aspects of existence. However, once an individual is both physiologically well and not in fear of any danger, (s)he may concentrate on the fine tuning of his/her emotional state. The human brain releases the chemicals dopamine and oxytocin, which contribute to fulfilling what Maslow (1954) deemed the belongingness and love needs; (Maslow, 1954, 43). Dopamine, in association with the chemical phenylethylamine, has been said to induce the euphoria one feels in the initial stages of love (Carter 1998 ). Oxytocin, which has been associated with the feeling of relaxation that results from orgasm (Carter 1998) and which is also released during the terminal stages of childbirth (Carter 1998), creates a warm, floaty, loving feeling that encourages pair bonding; (Carter, 1998, 76). In intimate relationships such as those shared by sexual partners and by mother and child, it is necessary to create a feeling of love and belonging. The brain works to ensure that this occurs via the use of these chemicals. .u347015425441fa0d6c76142e994efc63 , .u347015425441fa0d6c76142e994efc63 .postImageUrl , .u347015425441fa0d6c76142e994efc63 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u347015425441fa0d6c76142e994efc63 , .u347015425441fa0d6c76142e994efc63:hover , .u347015425441fa0d6c76142e994efc63:visited , .u347015425441fa0d6c76142e994efc63:active { border:0!important; } .u347015425441fa0d6c76142e994efc63 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u347015425441fa0d6c76142e994efc63 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u347015425441fa0d6c76142e994efc63:active , .u347015425441fa0d6c76142e994efc63:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u347015425441fa0d6c76142e994efc63 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u347015425441fa0d6c76142e994efc63 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u347015425441fa0d6c76142e994efc63 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u347015425441fa0d6c76142e994efc63 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u347015425441fa0d6c76142e994efc63:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u347015425441fa0d6c76142e994efc63 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u347015425441fa0d6c76142e994efc63 .u347015425441fa0d6c76142e994efc63-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u347015425441fa0d6c76142e994efc63:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Philippine Lit EssayIn the event that one resides in a civilized society (i.e., one in which all subordinate needs in Maslows pyramid are met fairly consistently) (s)he may have the luxury of pursuing the esteem needs. According to Maslow (1954), self esteem is attained when one feel competent and also when ones peers recognize that competency. The need for esteem is not one which is met in a simple manner. In order to achieve self-esteem, an individual must make conscious decisions which are conducive to meeting feelings of competency. In order to be competent, to achieve, one must also be able to plan prospective actions, an activity carried out by the Supplementary Moto r Area (Carter 1998). Once an individual has made a plan, (s)he must be able to focus on the task at hand. The anterior cingulate cortex dictates this ability (Carter 1998). Once an individual has planned and effectively carried out a task, his/her ability is hopefully recognized by his/her peers, thus creating self-esteem within him/her. All needs in Maslows pyramid are prelude to the need for self-actualization. Although self-actualization is non-essential in terms of survival, it is indicative of a society in which citizens are able to concentrate on the higher; forms of thinking. Self-actualization, or the process of becoming all that one has the potential to be (Maslow 1954), is perhaps one of the most sought after achievements in the eyes of civilized man. However, dependant on the unique conformation of each brain is the potential for how high an individual can ascend the social ladder. For instance, in order to be a successful businessperson, one must have the ability to set aside immediate satisfaction in favor of long-term rewards. The part of the brain normally associated with this ability is the orbito-frontal cortex (Carter 1998). People with damage to this area, or in whom it is not fully developed, will not have the ability to carry out such tasks as would make them successful in the field of business. In the more unique cases of highly artistic individuals, the areas of the brain that pertain to their area of expertise may be abnormal, thus making the actualization potential of these individuals largely different from that of non-artistic individuals. One such example can be seen in those deemed synaesthetes. These persons have a unique method of processing sensory information (Carter 1998) as they may claim to hear; colors. Studies show how their brain activity is dissimilar from most. In most people, response to specific stimuli only activates neurons in the auditory cortex, creating sound. In synaesthetes the visual cortex is also activated, creating this curious condition (Carter 1998). Such was the case with Vladimir Nabakov who claimed that different sounds, such as letters, each evoked disparate hues (Carter 1998). Realizing personal potential in people like Vladimir may include creating works of art representing their unique experiences, while people not born with this condition will self-actualize in other ways, such as business. The underlying theme is that each person has a distinctly different ability to help him/her move upwards through the social class system. Utilizing the anterior cingulate cortex and focusing on ones specific talents, is the way in which the civilized brain achieves self-actualization. As can be seen, human needs as dictated by the brain follow a distinct pecking order. Although human wants and desires are fulfilled in far more complex manners than a simple level-to-level ascension, Maslows pyramid provides a clearer understanding of the basic processes by which the human brain discerns what the conciousness should be most occupied with. Further, once the brain focuses on the object of desire, it may work in such as way as to satisfy that desire and thus ensure that the human being is prosperous and well-adjusted.
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